Aenert news. Technological innovations提高太阳能电池的效率是太阳能领域最紧迫的问题之一。尽管可再生能源发展迅速，但仍只能满足全球范围内一半左右的新能源需求。风力涡轮机和太阳能电池板的低效率无法实现与化石燃料能源生产来源相当的电力利用率。例如，目前商业组件中太阳能电池的效率不超过20-25%。我们此前也指出，目前可再生能源的粗放式发展道路，无法提供能源消费结构变化所需的动力。显然，向集约化开发方法的额外过渡是必要的。旨在解决这一问题的科学研究和技术开发数量显着增加，使人们相信这一过程的密集阶段已经到来，并将不可避免地带来所需的结果。 《光伏进展》杂志不断发布已确认的最高效率的详细列表。此外，可以从国家可再生能源实验室 (NREL)定期更新的最佳研究电池效率图表中轻松获得对这项工作主要结果的总体印象。 ...

Aenert news. Energy Trends按照惯例，麻省理工学院《麻省理工技术评论》的编辑最近公布了2024 年 10 项最重要技术的新清单。完整列表（按提及顺序）包括：人工智能万能、超高效太阳能电池、Apple Vision Pro、减肥药物、增强型地热系统、Chiplet、第一个基因编辑治疗、百亿亿次计算机、热泵、Twitter杀手。 如果说在 2023 年的榜单中，作者只关注了一项能源技术——电池回收和相邻的电动汽车，那么今年在对能源的关注日益增加方面取得了真正的突破。2024年清单包括三项与能源和节能直接相关的技术。 超高效太阳能电池 光伏是可再生能源发展最活跃的领域之一。2022年，光伏总装机容量大幅突破1000吉瓦。到2023年，显然还会增加150-200吉瓦。现在， IEA 预测到 2050 年光伏发电年均发电量将达到 6000...

Aenert. Research Laboratory newsGeothermal energy is a type of renewable power which is found deep underneath the Earth. Other than wind and solar power, geothermal power does not require large surface facilities or produce harmful CO2 emissions. Traditional geothermal plants use water from reservoirs located deep underground to power turbines which then generate electricity. However, this...

Aenert. Research Laboratory newsModern energy systems are becoming ever more complex and interdependent. In order to prepare them for the full transition to green energy production and enable operation at full capacity, you have to have a precise understanding of how the interdependencies work, model and analyse them carefully so that your can monitor and control them properly. Nowadays if, for...

Tidal energy is a very abundant source of energy which has the potential to power many homes around the globe. It is produced by the natural rise and fall of tides caused by the gravitational interaction between the earth, the sun, and the moon. Tidal currents with sufficient energy for harvesting occur whenever water passes through a constriction which causes the water to move faster. With the help of special generators placed in the...

Aenert news. Energy Trends气转液（GTL）技术经历了多个长期且相对成功的发展阶段，并且为其应用提供了相当发达的基础设施。一方面，卡塔尔、南非、马来西亚和尼日利亚大型 GTL 工厂的长期运营历史证明了该技术的吸引力，但另一方面，高昂的资本成本和对不断变化的自由条件的依赖也带来了麻烦。市场制约其规模化发展。 最初，将一种化石燃料转化为另一种化石燃料的技术是在大约一百年前在德国开发的，它使得从煤中获取液体燃料成为可能（煤制油 - CTL）。该技术以其作者的名字命名——费托工艺。它基于两阶段过程——合成气（即氢气和一氧化碳）的生产，以及随后转化为各种长链分子碳氢化合物。上世纪五十年代，这些成果在南非得到了改编和补充，CTL和稍后的GTL技术在南非实现了真正的工业规模。在这两种情况下，开发该工艺的真正原因是液体燃料短缺和石油资源不可用。各国实施 GTL 和...

Lithium is a mineral which occurs naturally and constitutes about 0.0007 percent of the Earth's crust. Lithium is contained in minerals and salts of natural brines which can be found underground or in seawater. Lithium can also form a byproduct of hydraulic fracturing. There it is mostly contained in fracturing fluids. Such brines and produced water also show high concentrations of rare earth elements and metals. Since the 1990s,...

Wind energy is without doubt one of the most important resources for achieving a cleaner and more sustainable energy industry. It is small wonder, therefore, that many countries around the world are continuously increasing their wind capacities to reduce the negative impacts of a fossil fuel-dependent energy industry. The US, for example, witnessed a significant growth in wind energy in 2020, according to the Office of Energy...

Aenert news. Invention analysisIntroduction 增加氢在现代能源中的使用是其向低碳能源生产和消费形式转型的先决条件。 氢的独特之处主要在于它既可以用作环保燃料，也可以用作能量存储介质。 然而，迄今为止，全球氢气生产一直以蒸汽甲烷重整（SMR）为主，这是最具成本竞争力的方法，但伴随着大量的二氧化碳排放和化石资源的消耗。 另一方面，由于生产氢气的成本较高，利用可再生能源产生的电力通过水电解（WE）制氢的环保技术尚未得到广泛应用。 根据生产工艺的不同，氢气获得了从灰色到绿色的附加颜色代码。 其他制氢方案也正在开发中，包括生物质气化、热化学水分解、SMR 与碳捕获和封存 (CCS) 的组合。 通过甲烷热解生产所谓的绿松石氢是该领域潜在有前途的技术之一。 该技术的主要优点是在不使用传统氧化剂的情况下将甲烷分解为氢气和固体碳。...

Geothermal energy is among the most sustainable sources of energy found on this planet. The hot water which can be found in the earth crust at a depth of about 5000 metres already has a temperature of about 200 degrees Celsius and can be pumped to the surface where it may be used to generate electricity via a steam turbine or to heat buildings with the help of heat pumps. The spent water is then returned to the earth crust through a...