| ABBREVIATIONS |
|---|
| 1G biofuels | First generation biofuels are produced directly from food crops |
| 2G biofuels | Second generation biofuels are produced from non-food crops |
| 3G biofuels | Third generation biofuels on the other hand mostly refers to those derived from algae |
| AAPG | American Association of Petroleum Geologists |
| ABARES | Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences |
| ADEME | L’Agence de l’environnement et de la maîtrise de l’énergie (French Agency for the Environment and Energy Management) |
| AEBIOM | European Biomass Association |
| AEE | Asociación Empresarial Eólica (Spain) |
| AGA | American Gas Association |
| AMM | Abandoned Mine Methane |
| APG | Associated Petroleum Gas |
| API or API gravity | The American Petroleum Institute gravity |
| AU | Assessment unit |
| BEV | Battery-electric vehicle |
| BGR | Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe |
| BP | British Petroleum |
| BTL | Biomass to liquid |
| BtL-FT | Biomass to liquid using Fischer-Tropsch process |
| CBM | Coal Bed Methane |
| CCGT | Combined cycle power plant |
| CCPI | Climate Change Performance Index |
| CH4 | Methane |
| CHP | Combined heat and power |
| CIPA | Centro de Investigacion en Polimeros Avanzados (Advanced Polymer Research Center) |
| CMM | Coal Mine Methane |
| CNG | Compressed natural gas |
| CO | Carbon monoxide |
| CO2 | Carbon dioxide |
| CONICET | Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (Argentina) |
| CPV | Concentrator photovoltaics |
| CSIRO | Commonwealth Scinetific and Industrial Research Orginization |
| CSM | Coal Seam Methane |
| CSP | Concentrated Solar Power |
| CTL | Coal to Liquids |
| DME | Dimethyl Ether |
| DNI | Direct Normal Irradiation |
| DOE | Department of Energy |
| DPRK | Democratic People's Republic of Korea |
| E85 | A fuel containing a mixture of 85 percent ethanol and 15 percent gasoline |
| E95 | A fuel containing a mixture of 95 percent ethanol and 5 percent gasoline |
| EAPI | Energy Architecture Performance Index |
| EDGAR | Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research |
| EDR | Economic Demonstrated Resources |
| EGS | Enhanced Geothermal System |
| EIA | Energy Information Administration |
| ENAP | Empresa Nacional del Petróleo (National Petroleum Company) |
| EOR | Enhanced oil recovery |
| EPA | Environmental Protection Agency |
| EPI | Environmental Performance Index |
| ESMAP | Energy Sector Management Assistance Program |
| ETP 2DS | Energy Technology Perspectives Scenario (projected to limit warming to 2°C) |
| EU | European Union |
| EVI | Environmental Vulnerability Index |
| FGR | Flare Gas Recovery |
| FPSO | Floating Production Storage and Offloading Unit |
| GCR | The Global Competitiveness Report |
| GDI | Global Direct Irradiation |
| GDP | Gross domestic product |
| GENI | Global Energy Network Institute |
| GGFR | Global Gas Flaring Reduction Partnership |
| GHG | Greenhouse Gases |
| GHI | Global Horizontal Irradiation |
| GII | Global Innovation Index |
| GMI | Global Methane Initiative |
| GOR | Gas to oil ratio |
| GTL | Gas to liquids |
| GWEC | Global Wind Energy Council |
| HCPV | High-Concentration Systems |
| HVDC | High voltage direct current |
| HVAC | Heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning |
| IEA | International Energy Agency |
| IFP | Institut français du pétrole (French Institute of Petroleum) |
| INSEAD | Institut Européen d’Administration des Affaires |
| IRENA | International Renewable Energy Agency |
| JRC | European Commission, Joint Research Centre |
| KNPC | Kuwait National Petroleum Company |
| KOSEP | Korea South-East Power |
| LCPV | Low-Concentration Systems |
| LED | Light-emitting diode |
| LFG | Landfill gas |
| LGR | Liquids to gas ratio |
| LNG | Liquefied Natural Gas |
| LOHC | The Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier |
| LPG | Liquefied Petroleum Gas |
| MBHW | Multibranched Horizontal Wells |
| MSW | Municipal Solid Waste |
| MTG | Methanol to gasoline |
| NAFTA | North American Free Trade Agreement |
| NDRC | National Development and Reform Commission (China) |
| NEA | National Energy Administration (China) |
| NELHA | Natural Energy Laboratory of Hawaii Authority |
| NETL | National Energy Technology Laboratory |
| NGL | Natural gas liquids |
| NGO | Non Government Organisation |
| NIOC | National Iranian Oil Company |
| NOAA | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |
| NREL | National Renewable Energy Laboratory |
| NTNU | Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) |
| OAPEC | The Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries |
| OECD | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development |
| OGIFF | Oil and gas integrated field file |
| OPEC | The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (Algeria, Angola, Ecuador, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, and Venezuela) |
| ORC | Organic Rankine Cycle |
| OTEC | Ocean thermal energy conversion |
| OMV | Österreichische Mineralölverwaltung (Austrian Mineral Oil Administration) |
| PBL | Planbureau voor de Leefomgeving (Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency) |
| PEM elecrolysis | Polymer electrolyte membrane electrolysis |
| PGNIG | Polskie Górnictwo Naftowe i Gazownictwo (Polish Mining and Gas Extraction Company) |
| PHEV | Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle |
| PHWR | Pressurized heavy-water reactor |
| PNNL | Pasific Northwest National Laboratory |
| PPP | Purchasing power parity |
| PV | Photovoltaic |
| PVC | Photovoltaic cell |
| QS | Quacquarelli Symonds |
| RECAI | Renewable energy country attractiveness index |
| SAGD | Steam-assisted gravity drainage |
| SDH | Solar District Heating |
| SEA | Sistema Eléctrico de Aysén (Electric System of Aysén) |
| SEG | Society of Exploration Geophysicists |
| SEM | Sistema Eléctrico de Magallanes (Electric System of Magallanes) |
| SENER | Sistema de Información Energética (Mexico) |
| SIC | Sistema Interconectado Central (Central Interconnected System) |
| SING | Sistema Interconectado del Norte Grande (Interconnected System of Norte Grande) |
| SINTEF | Stiftelsen for industriell og teknisk forskning |
| SNG | Synthetic natural gas |
| SO2 | Sulfur dioxide |
| SOCAR | State Oil Company of Azerbaijan Republic |
| SOPAC | South Pacific Applied Geoscience Commission |
| SWERA | Solar and Wind Energy Resource Assessment |
| SWH | Solar water heating |
| TFEC | Total final energy consumption |
| TPES | Total primary energy supply |
| TPS | Total petroleum system |
| UCG | Underground coal gasification |
| UK | United Kingdom |
| UNEP | United National Environment Programme |
| UNESCO | United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization |
| U.S. or U.S.A. | United States of America |
| US$, $, USD | The United States dollar |
| USGS | United States Geological Survey |
| VAM | Ventilation air methane |
| WIPO | World Intellectual Property Organization |
| WITS | World Integrated Trade Solution |
| YPF | Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales |
| ZEV | Zero-emission vehicle |
