Basic infrastructure facilities of the fossil fuel sector in Colombia

1. BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2019 (PDF) /  BP  / www.bp.com
2. Petroleum & Natural Gas & Coal / Reserves & Capacity / U.S. Energy Information Administration / www.eia.gov
3. "Colombia" /  International Petroleum Encyclopedia 2010, book, page 109 (Colombia Oil & Gas Fields Map) and page 108-110 /International Petroleum Encyclopedia 2010 / Academia / www.academia.edu
4. Cano Limon Oil Field / A Barrel Full / abarrelfull.wikidot.com
5. Cano Limon oilfield / Wikipedia /  en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ca%C3%B1o_Lim%C3%B3n_oilfield
6. Colombia / Our Business / Occidental Petroleum Corporation / www.oxy.com
7. George A. Rabchevsky. The Mineral Industry of Colombia (1994) (PDF) / USGS Mineral Resources Program / minerals.usgs.gov
8. Cusiana Oil Field / A Barrel Full / abarrelfull.wikidot.com
9. SFD Case Study: Cusiana-Cupiagua Fields, Colombia (PDF) /  NXT Energy Solutions Inc. / www.nxtenergy.com
10. Fredrik Robelius. Giant Oil Fields of the World (2005) (PDF) /   Peak Oil /  www.peakoil.net
11. Luis E.Soto. Cusiana Field: Understanding the Reservior and Improving Depletion History (2011) / AAPG / www.searchanddiscovery.com
12. Colombia Poised for Cusiana Oil Field Boom: Trade: It is expected that exports will triple and eventually earn the nation an extra $2.5 billion a year / July 26, 1993 / Los Angeles Times / articles.latimes.com
13. Barco oil concession / Wikipedia /  en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barco_oil_concession
14. Canacol Makes Oil Discovery in Colombia’s Llanos Basin / Feb 19, 2014 / Exploration and Production Magazine / www.epmag.com
15. Ecopetrol, Petrobras agree to expand Tibu field output / Dec 5, 2006 / BNamericas / www.bnamericas.com
16. Colombia launch its Caribbean Offshore Oil Round / 12/05/2006 / Petroleum World / www.petroleumworld.com
17. Colombian rebels attack Tibu oil field, says government / 9 August, 2014 / BBC News / www.bbc.com
18. Extraction of Crude Petroleum in Colombia – Overview / MBendi / www.mbendi.com
19. Canadian operator to drill more wells in Colombia’s Orito oil field / May 17, 2005 / Alexander’s Gas and Oil Connections / www.gasandoil.com
20. Crude Oil Exports. Broshure by Ecopetrol / Ecopetrol /  www.ecopetrol.com.co
21. Talora Development Plan (PDF) / Corporate Presentation, 06/07/12 / Sintana Energy / www.sintanaenergy.com
22. Petrobras finds oil in Colombia’s Upper Magdalena Valley Basin / Dec 19, 2012 / Reuters / uk.reuters.com
23. Oil discovery in Colombia / 12/19/2012 / Press Releases / Petroleo Brasileiro S.A. Investor Relations / www.investidorpetrobras.com.br/en/
24. History / Colombia / Countries / Petroleo Brasileiro S.A. Investor Relations / www.petrobras.com/en/
25. Ecopetrol: Guando Field Producs 200 000 Barrels / January 19, 2001 / BNamericas / www.bnamericas.com
26. Vasconia / Crude Oil South America / Crude Oil Grades / Crude oil types / A Barrel Full / abarrelfull.wikidot.com
27. Vasconia / Crude Oil Exports / Ecopetrol / www.ecopetrol.com.co
28. Vasconia, Colombia Factsheet / Perenco / www.perenco.com
29. Colombia U.S. Energy Information Administration (June 29, 2016) / www.eia.gov
30. Solana Petroleum to purchase Colombiian gas field from Petrobras / Oct 17, 2002 / Alexander’s Gas and Oil Connections / www.gasandoil.com
31. Company overview of Solana Petroleum Exploration Colombia Limited / Bloomberg / www.bloomberg.com
32. Gasoductos y Campos de Gas Natural en Colombia (PDF) / Ecopetrol /  www.ecopetrol.com.co
33. Opon Gas Field / A Barrel Full / abarrelfull.wikidot.com
34. Amoco and partners start deliveries from Opon gas field / Jan 15, 1998 / Alexander’s Gas and Oil Connections / www.gasandoil.com
35. Opon Gas Field, Colombia: Part I – Geoscience Description, Well Design and Well Test Performance / OnePetro./ www.onepetro.org
36. SFD Case Study: Cusiana-Cupiagua Fields, Colombia / NXT Energy Solutions Inc. / www.nxtenergy.com
37. Pipelines in Colombia / Wikipedia /  commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pipelines_in_Colombia_fr.png
38. Arauca / Colombia Calls / vbouvier.wordpress.com
39. Infraestructura Petrolera Colombiana / Dinagas S.A.E.S.P. / www.dinagas.com.co
40. Colombia / Pipelines / Central Intelligence Agency / www.cia.gov
41. Refinacion (Refinery) / Quienes Somos (About us) / Ecopetrol / www.ecopetrol.com.co
42. Barrancabaermeja / A Barrel Full / abarrelfull.wikidot.com
43. Cartagena / A Barrel Full / abarrelfull.wikidot.com
44. Colombia / Crude Oil Refineries in the World /  Google / www.google.com
45. Barranquilla Oil Terminal / Vopak / www.vopak.com
46. Cartagena Oil Terminal / Vopak / www.vopak.com
47. Lineas, estaciones y terminals / Quienes Somos (About us) / Ecopetrol / www.ecopetrol.com.co
48. Covenas / Ecopetrol / www.ecopetrol.com.co
49. Recorrido del oleoducto / Nuestra actividad / Ocensa / www.ocensa.com.co
50. Terminal Petrolero / Centro de Investigaciones Oceanográficas e Hidrográficas (CIOH) / www.cioh.org.co
51. Crude Oil Exports. Broshure by Ecopetrol / Ecopetrol / www.ecopetrol.com.co
52. Colombia / Global Methane Initiative / www.globalmethane.org
53. The Cerrejon mine. Coal exploitation in Colombia. May 2013 / World Development Movement / www.wdm.org.uk
54. Coal Deposits of Colombia (PDF) / Technische Universitat Bergakademie Freiberg / www.geo.tu-freiberg.de
55. World Shale Resource Assessments / U.S. Energy Information Administration (Sep 24, 2015) / www.eia.gov
56. Natural Bitumen and and Extra-Heavy Oil (PDF) / USGS Energy Resource Program / energy.usgs.gov
57. 2010 Survey of Energy Resources (PDF) / The World Energy Council / www.worldenergy.org
58. Will Argentina lead the glodal shale gas race? / March 2011 / Oil and Gas – Mergers and Acquisition Review / mergersandacquisitionreviewcom.blogspot.com
59. Technically Recoverable Shale Oil and Shale Gas Resources: Northern South America (PDF) / U.S. Energy Information Administration (September 2015) / www.eia.gov
60. Technically Recoverable Shale Oil and Shale Gas Resources: An Assessment of 137 Shale Formations in 41 countries outside the United States / U.S. Energy Information Administration (June 2013) / www.eia.gov
61. Crude Oil Exports. Broshure by Ecopetrol / Ecopetrol / www.ecopetrol.com.co
62. Rubiales oil field / Wikipedia / en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubiales_oil_field
63. Rubiales Oil Field / A Barrel Full / abarrelfull.wikidot.com
64. Castilla / Crude Oil Exports / Products and Services / Ecopetrol / www.ecopetrol.com.co
65. Visbreaking of the heavy crude oils: Castilla, Rubiales and Nare-Jazmin (2004) (PDF) / J.A.Carrill. / Google / www.google.com
66. Heavy Oil in Latin America (PDF) / 20 Dec 2012 / LatinPetroleum Magazine / www.latinpetroleum.com

Electricity production in Colombia

1. Colombia / Electricity Generation / U.S. Energy Information Administration (Jan 2019) / www.eia.gov
2. Evaluación De La Flexibilidad Del Sistema Eléctrico De Colombia Caso De Estudio De La Herramienta Flextool De Irena (PDF) / IRENA Resource / www.irena.org
3. Plan de Expansion de Referencia: Generacion-Transmision 2010-2024 (PDF) / UPME (Unidad de Planeacion Mnero Energetica) / www.upme.gov.co
4. Ituango Hadrowlwctric Power Plant / Power Technology Market & Customer Insight / www.power-technology.com
5. Ituango Dam / Wikipedia /   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ituango_Dam ; /
6. Punchiná Dam / Wikipedia / en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punchin%C3%A1_Dam /
7. San Carlos Hydroelectric Power Plant / ISAGEN / www.isagen.com.co
8. San Carlos Hydroelectric Power Plant Technical Specification (1240 MW) (PDF) / ISAGEN / www.isagen.com.co
9. Central hidroeléctrica del Guavio / Wikipedia /   es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Hidroel%C3%A9ctrica_del_Guavio
10. Central hidroeléctrica de Chivor / Wikipedia  es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Hidroel%C3%A9ctrica_de_Chivor
11. Chivor Hydroelectric Project / The World Bank Projects & Operations / projects.worldbank.org
12. Chivor Hydroelectric Power Plant / AES Chivor / www.chivor.com.co/en/SitePages/Inicio.aspx
13. Sogamoso Hydroelectric Power Plant / ISAGEN / www.isagen.com.co
14. Sogamoso Hydroelectric Power Plant Technical Specification (820 MW) / ISAGEN / www.isagen.com.co
15. Miel I Dam / Wikipedia / en.wikipedia.org / en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miel_I_Dam
16. Miel I Hydroelectric Power Plant / Our Company / ISAGEN / www.isagen.com.co
17. Miel I Hydroelectric Power Plant Technical Specification (396 MW) / ISAGEN / www.isagen.com.co
18. El Quimbo Dam / Wikipedia /  en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Quimbo_Dam
19. El Quimbo hydroelectric plant / Salini Impregilo / www.salini-impregilo.com/en/
20. The Many Faults of El Quimbo Dam / 10/20/2015 / International Rivers / www.internationalrivers.org
21. World Small Hydropower Development Report 2013 – Colombia (PDF) / Small Hydropower World / www.smallhydroworld.org
22. Electricity – installed generating capacity / Central Intelligence Agency / www.cia.gov
23. 50 anos Unidad I Termopaipa / 10 July 2013 / Francia en Linea / www.franciaenlinea.net
24. Central de generacion termica Termopaipa / GENSA S.A. E.S.P. / www.gensa.com.co
25. Gecelca Power Station / Source Watch / www.sourcewatch.org
26. Comenzo a operar Gecelca 3, con una generacion de 164 megavatios / El Heraldo / www.elheraldo.co
27. Fossil Fuels / Colombia / Industry About / www.industryabout.com
28. Colinversiones borrows US$150 million to upgrade power plant / October 2009 / Colombia Reports / colombiareports.co
29. Termocentro Combined Cycle Power Plant / Energy generation / ISAGEN / www.isagen.com.co
30. Barranquilla - Combined Cycle Gas Power Plant / Colombia / Industry About / www.industryabout.com
31. Barranquilla - Open Cycle Gas Power Plant / Colombia / Industry About / www.industryabout.com
32. TermoBarranquilla S.A Power Plant / Omega Grid / www.omegaalphausa.com
33. Cartagena - Proeléctrica Gas Power Plant / Colombia / Industry About / www.industryabout.com
34. Colombia's Proelectrica Power Plant Evaluates Turbine Replacement and Combined-Cycle Conversion / December 2009 / Industrial Info Resources /  www.industrialinfo.com
35. Cartagena Gas Power Plant / Colombia / Industry About / www.industryabout.com
36. AES Cartegena 1,200MW CCGT Power Plant, El Fangal / Power Technology / www.power-technology.com
37. La Sierra Gas Power Plant / Colombia / Industry About / www.industryabout.com
38. Thermoelectric La Sierra Power Plant / CEYM / ceymglobal.com
39. Las Flores Gas Power Plant /  Colombia / Industry About / www.industryabout.com
40. Las Flores CCGT Power Plant Colombia / Global Energy Observatory / globalenergyobservatory.org
41. Thermal Power Plant - Las Flores – Colombia / NEST Solutions / nesisolutions.com
42. Puerto Libertador Coal Power Plant / Colombia / Industry About / www.industryabout.com
43. Gecelca 3 power station / Source Watch / www.sourcewatch.org
44. Termocandelaria Gas Power Plant / Colombia / Industry About / www.industryabout.com
45. Termocandelaria OCGT Power Plant Colombia / Global Energy Observatory / globalenergyobservatory.org
46. Termo Candelaria—a Columbian first / 07/01/2000 / Power Engineering International / www.powerengineeringint.com
47. Termocentro Gas Power Plant / Colombia / Industry About / www.industryabout.com
48. Termocentro CCGT Power Plant Colombia / Global Energy Observatory / globalenergyobservatory.org
49. Electric Power Generation (PDF) / 2016 / ISAGEN / www.isagen.com.co
50. Isagen operating Termocentro thermo at full capacity / November 05, 2009 / bnamericas / www.bnamericas.com
51. Termoemcali Gas Power Plant / Colombia / Industry About / www.industryabout.com
52. Termoemcali / ContourGlobal / www.contourglobal.com
53. Termoguajira Coal Power Plant / Colombia / Industry About / www.industryabout.com
54. Termoguajira  / Source Watch / www.sourcewatch.org
55. Termoguajira Coal Power Plant Colombia / Global Energy Observatory / globalenergyobservatory.org
56. Termopaipa Coal Power Plant / Colombia / Industry About / www.industryabout.com
57. Termopaipa Power Plant / Steag / www.steag.com
58. Termotasajero 1 Coal Power Plant / Colombia / Industry About / www.industryabout.com
59. Termotasajero power station / Source Watch / www.sourcewatch.org
60. Termotasajero Coal Power Plant Colombia / Global Energy Observatory / globalenergyobservatory.org
61. Termotasajero 2 Coal Power Plant / Colombia / Industry About / www.industryabout.com
62. Termovalle Gas Power Plant / Colombia / Industry About / www.industryabout.com
63. Termovalle CCGT Power Plant Colombia / Global Energy Observatory / globalenergyobservatory.org
64. Termozipa Coal Power Plant / Colombia / Industry About / www.industryabout.com
65. Termozipa / Magaldi Group / www.magaldi.com

Renewable energy in Colombia

1. Installed capacity / Colombia / Technologies / International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) / resourceirena.irena.org
2. Elec ricity generation / Colombia / Technologies / International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) / resourceirena.irena.org
3. Jepirachi: An experience with the Wayuu indigenous community from the Upper Guajira in Colombia / EPM / www.epm.com.co
4. Colombia evaluates 474 MW of wind projects in La Guajira - report / Feb 3, 2015 / SeeNews Renewables / renewables.seenews.com
5. Plantas productoras de Etanol / Federacion Nacional de Biocombustibles de Colombia / www.fedebiocombustibles.com
6. Plantas productoras de Biodiesel / Federacion Nacional de Biocombustibles de Colombia / www.fedebiocombustibles.com
7. Biofuels Annual Report – Colombia, 2016 (PDF) / 08/12/2016 / USDA Global Agriculture Information Network / gain.fas.usda.gov
8. Inauguration of Colombia’s First Landfill Gas Project / Waste Management World / www.waste-management-world.com
9. The sugar cluster in Colombia / Agroindustry / CENICANA (Colombian Sugarcane Research Center) / www.cenicana.org
10. Sugar Factories of Colombia / The Sugar Engineers / www.sugartech.co.za
11. Solar resource data obtained from the Global Solar Atlas, owned by the World Bank Group and provided by Solargis / Global Solar Athlas / globalsolaratlas.info
12. Wind Map / Global Wind Atlas 2.0, a free, web-based application developed, owned and operated by the Technical University of Denmark (DTU) in partnership with the World Bank Group, utilizing data provided by Vortex, with funding provided by the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP). For additional information: globalwindatlas.info
13. Colombia / SolarGIS / solargis.com